北京师大附中2020-2021学年下学期高二年级期末考试英语试卷
本试卷有三道大题。考试时长100分钟，满分100分。
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15分）
Chad Turns delivers for UPS in the small town of Dauphin, and is beloved by his customers. As seen in a video posted to Facebook, when Turns drove into a parking lot for what he thought was a 1 up on Tuesday, he was greeted instead by a dozen residents clapping and yelling, ” 2 , Chad!” Turns was so overcome with emotion that he pulled out his handkerchief to wipe his 3 .
“Turns is well-known for his thoughtfulness and 4 ,” resident Jenny Shickley said, adding that he often leaves treats for their dogs when delivering packages. She organized the special event after people commented in a group Facebook post about what a(an) 5 job Turns was doing.
She raised $1,000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town. The group gave him the generous gift with a large card signed by members of the 6 . Jenny said Turns had taken care of them for a year and they wanted to take care of him.
“It is 7 that this community feels so strongly about me,” Turns told the reporter. He said all UPS drivers deserve to be thanked in this way. He also added that he will pay it 8 by continuing to provide the outstanding service that he is known for.
“Chad is a great UPSer,” UPS spokesperson Jackie Fait said in a statement.
“Celebrations like this really highlight the 9 our drivers have with their customer base. We appreciate that UPS drivers like Chad are being 10 for how they are moving our world forward. ”
1. A. pick B. check C. warm D. move
2. A. Watch out B. Thank you C. Cheer up D. Help us
3. A. eyes B. nose C. mouth D. hands
4. A. determination B courage C. patience D. kindness
5. A. new B. easy C. good D. useful
6. A. class B company C. family D. community
7. A. surprising B. touching C. interesting D. challenging
8. A. out B. down C. forward D. off
9. A. bond B. problem C. lesson D. word
10. A. attracted B. recognized C. encouraged D. adopted
二、阅读理解（本大题共19小题，共38分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Why do you go to the library? For books, yes—but you like books because they tell stories. You hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone else’s life. At one type of library, you can do just that—even though there’s not a single book.
At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. Individuals volunteer as human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book- meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation with the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individual’s experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination(歧视) based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their life.
For a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with some kind of stereotype. You can speak with a refugee(难民), a soldier suffering from PTSD, a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to challenge their own long-held beliefs—to truly get to know, and learn from someone they might otherwise make a quick judgment about.
According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected, appreciated and answered. ” It provides the opportunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their community.
The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a four-day event during a major Northern European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since.
Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most aren’t places at all, but events. Though many do take place at physical libraries, you don’t need a library card—anyone can come and be part of the experience. There have been human library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.
The stories these “books” tell range from fascinating to heartbreaking and everything in between. And that’s the very point of the organization—to prove that no person can be summed up in just one word. It seeks to show people that you truly can’t judge a book by its cover—or by its title or label.
11. The “books” in human libraries are ___________.
A. long-held beliefs attracting individuals
B. inspiring stories motivating people in trouble
C. events in which people can talk to volunteers
D. unfairly-treated people sharing their experiences
12. The event in Copenhagen is significant because it__________.
A. aimed to help the young suffering from violence
B. attempted to replace traditional physical libraries
C. laid a foundation for the Human Library Organization
D. led to a pleasing development for the community with racism
13. In human libraries, the readers are likely to__________.
A. deepen their understanding of people
B. enrich their own personal experiences
C. hear the stories from all over the world
D. make quick judgments about the “books”
B
Dream in Heart
On the first day of school our professor introduced a new classmate—a wrinkled little old lady—to us. Her name was Rose, and she was eighty-seven years old.
After class Rose and I walked to the Student Union Building and shared a chocolate milk-shake. She told me she always dreamed of having a college education and now she was getting one. We became instant friends. Every day for the following months, we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always attracted, listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me.
Rose became famous and easily made friends wherever she went. She tended to be highly motivated, responsible, and deeply involved in class participation. In spare time she had someone hang out or go to bars with. She even participated in some form of athletic activity. She said that extra-curricular activities can form a vital part of her experience, creating unique chances for friendship and learning.
At the end of the term we invited Rose to speak at our football meal. A little embarrassed, she leaned into the microphone and simply said, “I’m sorry I’m so nervous. ” As we laughed, she cleared her throat and began, “We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. If you’re nineteen years old and lie in bed for one full year, you will turn twenty. If I’m eighty-seven years old and stay in bed for a year, I will turn eighty-eight. Anybody can grow older. It’s non-optional but that doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the chance in change. In this way the elderly don’t have regrets for what they did, but rather for things they did not do. ” Rose concluded her speech by courageously singing “The Rose”. She challenged us to study the words of the song and lived them out in daily lives.
At the year’s end Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep. Over two thousand college students attended her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by example that it’s never too late to be all you can possibly be.
14. Why does the author compare Rose to “time machine” in Paragraph 2?
A. To stress her old age and knowledge of life.
B. To describe the close friendship between them.
C. To show that she always enjoyed her active life.
D. To explain why she took on a challenge in college.
15. We can learn that Rose agreed with the idea that__________.
A. growing older means growing up
B. it takes talent and ability to grow up
C. receiving high education helps to be courageous
D. one grows older at the same time when he grows up
16. The passage is intended to__________.
A. provide an example for the elderly
B. discuss how to grow up quickly
C. tell the importance of attending college
D. inspire the readers to live up to lives
C
Round and Round They Go
Space is becoming more crowded. Quite a few low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites have been launched into the sky, which are designed to move around the Earth only a few hundred kilometres above its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan to launch LEO satellites in their thousands, not hundreds, to double the total number of satellites in orbit（轨道） by 2027.
That promises to change things on Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet connectivity to places where it is still unavailable. This will also be a source of new demand for the space economy. Morgan Stanley, a bank, projects that the space industry will grow from $350 billion in 2016 to more than $1. 1 trillion by 2040. New Internet satellites will account for half this increase.
For that to happen, however, three worries must be overcome. Debris（碎片） is the most familiar concern. When enough satellites were packed into low-Earth orbits, any collision（碰撞） could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all spaceships. One solution is to grab the satellites with problems and pull them down into the Earth’s atmosphere. Another is to monitor space more closely for debris. But technology is only part of the answer. Rules are needed to deal with old satellites safely from low-Earth orbits.
Cyber（网络的）-security is a second, long-standing worry. Hackers（黑客） could take control of a satellite and steal intellectual property, redirect data flows or cause a collision. The satellite industry has been slow to respond to such concerns. But as more of the world’s population comes to rely on the space for access to the Internet, the need for action will intensify. Measures will surely be taken to protect network security.
The third issue follows from the first two. If there is a simple mistake or a cyber-attack, it may cause a chain reaction which wipes out hundreds of billions of dollars of investment. Who is responsible for that? Now the plans of firms wishing to operate large numbers of satellites are being studied. But there is a long way to go before the risks are well understood, let alone priced.
As space becomes more commercialized, mind-bending prospects open up: packages moved across the planet in minutes by rocket rather than by plane, equipment sent to other small planets, passengers launched into orbit and beyond. All that and more may come, one day. But such activities would raise the same questions as LEO satellites do. They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop.
17. What can we learn about LEO satellites from the passage?
A. They are supposed to limit the space economy.
B. They are expected to increase in large numbers.
C. They are designed to move beyond the Earth as far as possible.
D. They are mainly intended to bring Internet connectivity to remote areas.
18. To deal with debris in space, the author suggests _________.
A. depending entirely on the modern technology
B. monitoring the movement of spaceships carefully
C. strengthening rules to remove old satellites safely
D. destroying all the satellites with problems instantly
19. What does the underlined word “intensify” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Measure. B. Increase. C. Spread. D. Repeat.
20. What is the author’s attitude toward the launch of LEO satellites?
A. It should be further confirmed for its ownership.
B. It should be continued because of its advantages.
C. It should be done carefully to avoid potential risks.
D. It should be stopped in face of the space economy.
D
The philosopher, Martin Buber, is most known for his work on “I-Thou/You” relationships in which people are open, direct, mutually interested in each other. In contrast, “I-It” relationships are those in which we use the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.
It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become “It” relationships because most of what we feel, think and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment into which we were born. Thus, one of the reasons we use other people to help us feel better about ourselves and cope in the world is that using people was once necessary and it worked. When we were small and helpless, “It” came and fed us, and held us, and set us on our way. We didn’t have to reciprocate and care for “It”. Even when the care and attention of “It” was minimal or unpredictable, if we got out of childhood alive, somewhere along the way “It” was involved.
Freud(弗洛伊德) called this stage of early life “primary narcissism”, which is our instinct（本能） for self-preservation and is a normal part of our development. While most of us grow out of it, we still hold a survival fear, which motivates us to escape danger and to stay alive, and we all need this fear in healthy measure.
The problem is that too many of us, too much of the time, are in a constant state of threat—and we often don’t know it. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate（不胜任的）, and vulnerable (脆弱的) to more than our share of bad luck. As our brains have grown in size and complexity, so has our ability to scare ourselves.
This causes many problems. For example, our stress levels increase, our digestion is damaged and our thinking becomes restricted. Our threat response stops any bodily function, feeling, thought and behavior that might “waste” energy and detract from fighting or escaping danger. Thus, when in threat, our emotional, cognitive and behavioral range is significantly reduced.
And in this reduced state, one of our solutions is to find someone who can save and comfort us. Instead of enabling us to be open, direct and mutual, fear and anxiety lead us towards conversations and choices in our relations with others that are orientated towards surviving-not thriving（茁壮成长）．Threat-motivated relationships are characterized by need, dependency, control, demand, dishonesty, and self-interest.
We cannot form the “I-Thou” relationships that Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort, and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain. When in threat, we tend to use other people as objects who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems.
21. What does the underlined word “reciprocate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Return the favour. B. Ask for some advice.
C. Convey an apology. D. Make some comments.
22. What can we learn about “primary narcissism”?
A. It leads to our survival fear.
B. It is normal and usually temporary.
C. It impacts our growth negatively.
D. It lays the foundation for Freud’s theory.
23. Which of the following could be an example of “I-It” relationships?
A. Comforting an upset friend. B. Feeling sorry for your mistakes.
C. Trying hard to be independent. D. Asking others to take on your task.
24. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. How We Can Form the “I-Thou” Relationships
B. How We Can Get Out of the “I-It” Relationships
C. Why We Treat Others as Objects Rather Than Individuals
D. What Helps Us Survive and Thrive in Early Stages of Life
What makes a good apology? What is the right way to say we’re sorry that doesn’t merely relieve our guilt or get us out of hot water, but best serves the person we hurt? There is more to saying sorry than just saying “sorry”. 25 They include expressing regret, explaining what went wrong, acknowledging responsibility, offering to repair the situation, and requesting forgiveness.
That may seem like a lot to remember, but acknowledgement of responsibility turned out to be the most important piece. Of course, not all the ruined situations are created equal. 26 Here are a few key tips.
Have perfect timing. Did you totally ruin the situation? A little cool-off time could help. 27 But if the other party is angry at your wrong doing, it may be more effective to wait because their anger may prevent them from being receptive to an apology. Waiting can help you too. The best time to apologize is when one feels ready to sincerely apologize.
28 Experts agree that face-to-face apologies beat phoned-in, e-mailed, or handwritten ones. Facial expressions, gestures, and the tone of voice have all been shown to be important channels that convey sincerity. Anyone can type “I feel really ashamed,” but if you say it live, it’s obvious whether or not you mean it.
Explain; don’t excuse. Because admitting to being wrong is painful and can make people worried that they’re a bad person, they often water down their apology with excuses. Examples include “I certainly apologize if I offended anyone” and “I’m sorry, but you started it. ” That sort of apology has a name: a non-apology. It uses the form of an apology but follows it up by shifting responsibility to the offended person, implying he or she is too sensitive. 29
Even if you did something comparably less important, like being late all the time, it’s always key to remember that while you’re the one apologizing, it’s not about you; it’s about the person you hurt and what they need now.
A. Let your body do the talking.
B. There are several types of apologies.
C. Get ready to change your facial expressions.
D. Sometimes an immediate apology is called for.
E. Don’t imply that the other person is wrong to feel upset or angry.
F. In fact, a study found that effective apologies have five components.
G. So you might need to fine-tune your apology depending on the circumstances.
三、主观试题（本大题共47分）
第一节
语法填空：在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
I grew up in a remote village. There was no such thing as a book in most families. It was at the school library that I discovered the joy of reading. There I spent hours 30 (read) whatever attracted my interest. I’m sure I did not understand everything in those books at the time. 31 I did understand was the pleasure that good stories offer and the power of books to introduce me to lives and experiences 32 my own. I was “hooked on books,” as the saying goes.
B
In the past few years, researchers at Lund University 33 (publish) several papers on dogs’ ability 34 (detect) the warmth of a body without touching it. Their results show that, from 5 feet away, dogs can reliably tell the difference between a 4-inch object at body temperature and one at room temperature. The scientists identified a set of nerves in a dog’s nose 35 appear to be responsible. The skin on a dog’s nose can absorb the tiny amount of infrared light(红外线) leaking from a warm object, and the nerves inside the skin 36 (quick) sense that extra energy, signaling to the brain that something warm is nearby.
C
Guilin is a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone(石灰岩) mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River. It 37 (picture) by artists in so many Chinese paintings. But a study of travelers 38 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top ten 39 (destination) in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie and Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people who live in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
第二节
阅读表达：阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops. People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café.
There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noise, casual crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction（注意力分散） to help us be sharpest and most creative.
Some of us stick in earbuds（耳塞） as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting. But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking. A suitable level of noise in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you’re slightly distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli (刺激物), it boosts your abstract thinking ability, which can lead to more creative idea generation.
There’s also the fact that in a coffee shop, we’re surrounded by people who’ve come to do the same thing, which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who makes a lot of effort can motivate you to work harder. It’s similar to going to the gym for a workout. That is the social-facilitation effect: you go there, you see other people working and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well.
Another thing that can make working at home or in the office tiring is the visual environment; often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls without relief. How the office is decorated has an effect on people’s creative thinking process. While researchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights, they soon found that the furnishings（家具及日用设备） quickly became familiar and boring. Coffee shops, though, generally have visual stimuli. And hitting up different coffee shops keeps things even more varied.
Researchers believe that there is no doubt about the “coffee-shop effect”. Even if working from home or office remains an option for the long-term, the benefits of going to a coffee shop may be too good to pass up. And maybe the coffee is better.
40. Why did some successful people do their best work in coffee shops?
41. In what way is going to the gym similar to working in a coffee shop?
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem.
43. If you were free to choose a place to study in, where would you like to go? Why?(about 40 words)
第三节
书面表达
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他最近和室友因为生活作息不同而有矛盾，他为此感到苦恼。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1．表示理解
2．你的建议及理由
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
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Sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
完形填空
ABADC DBCAB
阅读理解
DCA
ABD
BCBC
ABDC
FGDAE
语法填空
reading which/that
what quickly
on is pictured/has been pictured
have published conducted
to detect destinations
40. Because coffee shops boosted their creativity.
41. Both of them have the social-facilitation effect.
42. When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem.
According to the passage, the furnishings will soon become familiar and boring, and thus, redecorating the office can not solve the problem permanently.